Formal nouns of Japanese
Japanese (Nihongo) no "formal nouns" list.
Contents
object
| word | meaning |
|---|---|
| hito | person |
| kata | person [polite] |
| mono | thing, entity, person |
| koto | thing, case |
| no | thing, entity, person, case [versatile/simplified] (e.g. -sul noa -) |
focus
| word | particles | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ten | -de(a), -ja | point |
| men | -de(a), -ja | aspect, face |
| how | -de(a), -ja | side |
| gawa | -de(a), -ja | side |
| ban | -de(a), -ja | turn |
position/situation/direction
| word | particles | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ue | -de(a), -ni(a) | on, over |
| sita (shta) |
-de(a), -ni(a) | under |
| mae | -de(a), -ni(a) | front, before |
| usilo (ushlo) |
-de(a), -ni(a) | back, rear |
| ok | -de(a), -ni(a) | back |
| saki | -ni(a) | fore, front, before |
| ato | -de(a), -ni(a) | after |
| noti (noch) |
-ni(a) | after |
| soba | -de(a), -ni(a) | by |
| moto | -de(a), -ni(a) | by, under |
| uti (uch) |
-de, -ni | within, inside |
| naka | -de(a), -ni(a) | inside, middle |
| soto | -de(a), -ni(a) | outside |
| hoka | -de(a), -ni(a) | without, except |
| omote | -de(a), -ni(a) | front, surface |
| ula | -de(a), -ni(a) | back, reverse |
| gyak | -ni(a) | reverse |
| hazama | -de(a), -ni(a) | between |
| aida | -de(a), -ni(a) | between |
cause
| word | particles | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| wake | -de(a), -ja | reason, cause |
| yue | -ni | reason, cause |
| sei | -de(a), -ja | cause [blaming] |
| okage | -de(a), -ja | attribution |
| tame | -ni(a) | for |
way/case/time
| word | particles | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| tooli | -ni | way |
| baai | -ni | case |
| sai | -ni | case, time |
| toki | -ni | time |
degree/range
| word | particles | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| hodo | -de(a), -ja, -ni(a) | degree |
| klai | -de(a), -ja, -ni(a) | degree |
| wali | -ni(a) | degree |
| made | -de(a), -ja, -ni(a) | range, to, until |
state/condition
| word | particles | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| yow | -de(a), -ni(a), -na | state, condition (seeming, resembling) |
| huw | -de(a), -ni(a), -na | state, condition (resembling) |
| sow | -de(a), -ni(a), -na | state, condition (hearsay) |
| moyow | -de(a), -ni(a) | state, condition (seeming) |
| mama | -de(a), -ni(a) | state, condition (sustaining) |
| guai | -de(a), -ni(a) | state, condition (way) |